Thanks to Brendan Scott, editor Breifne Journal, and Rev. Gerard Alwill for allowing us to reproduce this detailed study and analysis which throws great light on the contents of the 1841 census records.
INTRODUCTION
The 1841 Census was held on the night of 6 June of that year. Return sheets were to be filled in that night by the head of each household. This study of the parish of Killeshandra was based on micro-film copies of the return sheets. Most of the return sheets have been preserved in good condition. From these it is possible to construct an accurate account of social conditions in the parish during the years before the famine. In general we have very little information on social conditions in Co. Cavan for these pre-famine years. I hope that this study will make some small contribution in that regard.
Return sheets were distributed to the head of every household by the local constabulary. Each return sheet had printed on it a short explanation of the census and a short list of instructions for filling in the various tables. The explanation declared that the purpose of the return was to ‘ascertain in the least intrusive manner the information required by the Act entitled “An Act for taking account of the population of Ireland.” It also made it clear that a penalty of £10 was imposed on any person ‘for making a false answer, or refusing or neglecting to make answers to questions contained in this return.’
The return contained three tables. The first table dealt with persons of the family, and all other persons (servants, visitors) who slept in the house on the night of 6 June. The explanation defines a family as ‘either one person living on his or her own means of support, or several persons united under one head and having a common means of support.’ Where there were several families living in the one house a return sheet was given to each. This first table tried to establish the name, age and sex of every person in the household and his or her relation- ship to the head of the household. Each person had to state whether or not he/she was married and, if married, they had to state when they were married. The table also tried to ascertain the occupation of each person as well as the level of education he/she had attained. This latter aspect was based on the very fundamental facts of whether one could read and write, read only or not read at all. Finally each person was expected to declare his native county if he/She was born outside Co. Cavan. This return not only tells us the number of people in a household, but gives valuable information on the age of marriage, the number of children in a family, the occupations of the people themselves and the level of their education.
Table II deals with those members of the family who were absent from home on the night of 6 June. It provides valuable information about those people who have emigrated such as their occupations and their destinations. The third table deals with members of the household who have died since 6 June 1831. The name, age, sex, occupation and, most important, cause of death of each person had to be stated. The explanation declares that this table was made necessary by ‘the absence of a General Registry of Deaths in Ireland and consequently a defect in information for various objects useful to the community.’ This table with its emphasis on the cause of death is another invaluable source of information for those wishing to understand pre-famine social conditions.
Unfortunately, it was only when I had almost completed this survey of the census that I realized that the micro-film copies of the return had one serious omission. It seems that the census consisted also of a second form, ‘Form B’ which may have been filled in by the enumerator. It contained very valuable information on houses and buildings, the size of houses, the number of rooms, etc. This would have been very helpful when studying the returns for Killeshandra town where large numbers of families were sharing houses.
As I said above, most of the return sheets are in excellent condition. However, some of them were in poor condition and were difficult, if not impossible, to read. This means that the accuracy of this survey is not as good as one would like. Furthermore, many of my figures are in sharp conflict with the officially published figures. During my study I noticed a number of errors made by the enumerators and I tried to correct these where possible.
TOWNLANDS
When one speaks of the parish of Killeshandra in the context of this census, it is the civil parish that he is speaking of. It is quite a large parish situated in central Cavan, covering an area of 22,241 acres(1). There are 98 townlands in the parish(2). The census return sheets carry reports for only 97 townlands but this is due to the fact that Tycosker and Tycosker Glebe are counted as one townland. There are two towns in the parish, Arva and Kilieshandra. Killeshandra is in the north of the parish, in the townland of Portaliffe. However, there are separate return sheets for the town and for Portaliffe townland. The report for the town includes Main St., Castle St., Church St. and Yewer Lane (modern Railway Road). The town covers an area of 48 acres. Arva is situated in the west of the parish. It covers an area of 25 acres in the townlands of Drumalt and Drumnawall. The larger part of the town, Main St., Pound St., and New St., is included in the report from Drumalt. The Green and Broad Road are included in Drumnawall. Because of this, whenever I speak of Arva during the course of this report, I am referring to both Drumalt and Drumnawall. Unlike Killeshandra there is no separate report for Arva town itself. Even the enumerator had difficulties in this regard. He had returned two separate returns for Drumalt, one for the town itself, and another for four houses which he did not consider as part of the town. There is a special Query Form in which he is asked to explain why he had done this, but his reply is illegible.
Throughout the survey whenever I speak of ‘rural’ areas I am referring to the country areas as opposed to the two towns. Strictly speaking the two towns are merely rural villages.
THE POPULATION
The official figure for the population of the parish is 12,552but my final figure was 12,539. The difference results from a number of errors made by the enumerators. The most serious of these errors appeared in the return for the townland of Drumshinny where a family of seven, reported to be absent, is included in the final count for the townland. Another common error occurred when the name of a dead person was included in Table I, and in turn was included by the enumerator in his count in spite of the fact that the word ‘dead’ or ‘deceased’ was very often filled in for that person’s occupation. The official figures tell us that there were 6,261 males and 6,291 females in the parish(3).
As one would expect, there was a very high proportion of young people in the parish. About 50% (6,282) of the population were below the age of 20 years. Indeed, in the townland of Drumshinny 68% of the population were under 20, (49 persons out of a total of 72). Another 5.9% (741) of the population of the parish were 60 years or older(4). Among the older people were Phil Baxter. a tailor from Corr who was 95, and Milly Sheridan from Corradownan who was 98. Sidney Wilson of Tycosker had reached the grand age of 104 when he died. It is clear from these figures that a large proportion of the population fitted into that category which today we call ‘dependent’. They had to be supported by 43% of the population (those aged from 20 to 59) and so they would have been very vulnerable to the hardships caused by the famine.
However, it must be remembered that the accuracy of some of the ages given on the return forms is open to question. In his survey of the 1821 Census of Carrigallen Parish, the present bishop of Kilmore, Dr Francis J. McKiernan, noted that ‘there are suspiciously many who are an even sixty.”(5) I found the same tendency in Killeshandra Parish. Many of the older people seemed to opt for a round figure, especially 60.
As I mentioned above, the micro-film copy of the census did not include any copies of Form B, the form dealing with housing. It merely contained a short summary chart for each townland in which the number of inhabited houses and buildings in the townland was stated(6) My figures on housing then are based on these summary charts. They are in sharp conflict with the official figures. The official report puts the number of inhabited houses in the parish at 2,149 while my count gives a total of only 2,019. Another 63 houses were termed uninhabited and there were another 5 buildings. However, both the official figures and my figures are in total agreement on one important statistic —there was a total of 2,279 families living in the parish. If we accept the official figure it means that 120 families (5.7%) were sharing the same house with one or more families. If one accepts my figures this number soars to a total of 260, that is 11.4% of all families. In Killeshandra town there were 231 families, but from the return sheets I counted only 191 inhabited houses. Therefore about 40 families had to share houses (17.3%). Compare this with 3.8% for Co. Cavan (1,628 families shared house’s) and with the national figure of 9.7%. However we should not forget that in many cases where families shared houses, one or more of the families may have consisted of only one person. For example, in house no. 128 in the town. of Killeshandra we find four families, but three of these ‘families’ consist of only one person each. On the other hand the average number of people living in a house was 6.21. The national average is 6.15 and in Co. Cavan the average is 5.93 persons living in a house(7).
Another area of interest is the age of marriage. In the rural areas of the parish the average age of marriage for the male was 26.9 years and 23 years for the female(8). This reflects the general tendency of husbands being older than their wives. However, in some cases the wives were very young. I noted a few cases where girls married at the age of 12, and some males married at the age of 16. In the towns the tendency seems to have been to marry at a slightly younger age. The average age of marriage for men in Killeshandra was 26 and 25.1 in Arva. Women, too, married younger, at 23 years of age in both towns. In the rural areas the average number of children per family was 3.9 and only 3.2 in Killeshandra town(9).
FAMILY NAMES
An analysis of the family names in the parish shows that the most common names were Reilly, Brady, Smith, Sheridan, Masterson, and Johnston. In general, these names are to be found in most of the townlands without a marked concentration in any. Reilly (incl. O’Reilly, Reilly, Rially, Riley) is the most common name, numbering 138 families. The heaviest concentrations of the name are in Drumalt (14), Killeshandra town (10), Behy, Corradownan and Derrynacross (6 each). Brady is the next most common name, with 66 families. Again there is no distinct concentration of the name in any (particular townland, but it is most numerous in Farrangarve (7) and Drumgoon (5). Smith is the third most common name, numbering 44 families, six of which are resident in the town of Killeshandra. There are 41 families of Sheridan and 36 of Masterson. There are heavy concentrations of Masterson in Bruse (9) and Castlepoles (7). There are 34 Johnston families, with heaviest concentrations in Cornafean and Drumcrow South. Other prominent family names include Donohoe [incl. Donoghoe] (29), Armstrong (24), Elliott (24), Scott (23), and McCormick (20).
There are a few names that are very prominent in one particular townland, but are hardly represented elsewhere in the parish. For example, there are 7 Bleakley families in Portlongfield, 5 Story families in Ardra, and 4 Kilkenny families in Coronae Glebe.
Because there is no statement on the return sheets concerning religion, there is no scientific means of ascertaining the distribution of the religious groupings throughout the parish. However, a casual glance over the family names in the parish shows that both Catholic and Protestants are to be found in most townlands, but there are very heavy concentrations of Protestants in Ardra, Brankhill, Corhanagh, Corlisprattan, Corran, Dernaweel, Derreskit, Drumkeerin Bog, Drumkilroosk, Drumlarney, Mullaghboy and Tycusker. A summary of the names and numbers of families in each townland can be found in Appendix I.
OCCUPATIONS
A total of 7,109 people are listed as having same kind of occupation, representing 56.7% of the total population. The remaining 5,430 people consists of beggars and those who have no occupation what-so-ever. Children attending school are included among the 7,109 people with occupations. However, seven individual occupations dominate, together forming 89% of all occupations.
LABOURER: forms the largest group, numbering a total of 1;547 (12.3% of the population). There is no concrete account of what kind of work a labourer had to do but there is no doubt that It was closely related to farmwork. Most of those who are termed ‘labourer’ are either sons of farmers or helpers on the farm. These labourers were paid between 9 pence and one shilling per week.
SPINNING: is the principal occupation of the women of the parish. The number of spinners is 958, representing 7.6% of the population. It is the occupation of many of the wives of the heads of households, and of many of the daughters who are not attending school. However, while many of the daughters were termed as spinsters I wonder in what sense the word spinster is used. Was it used to indicate that a girl was not yet married? There are very few references as to what fabric was actually spun.
FARMER: is the next largest group, numbering 867, (6.9% of the population). This seems a fairly small figure considering that in Lavey in 1821 there were 625 farmers out of a population of 4,488 (14%). This small figure can be explained by the size of farms which were, on average, larger than those in Lavey. There is only one farmer given in the returns for Killeshandra town, and only five for Arva.
SERVANTS: About 680 people are termed as servants. Many of these are teenage boys and girls who reside with, but are not members of, the household in which they work. Again, there is no indication as to what kind of work the servant had to do. They were probably hired for general farm work on a seasonal basis.
HOUSE-KEEPER: Apart from spinning this is the only other major occupation for the women. Surprisingly, there are only 462 (3.6% of the population) women termed as house- keepers, and some of these are servant girls.
WEAVER: 238 men are weavers (1.9%) but again we have no indication as to what fabric was actually woven. There are some references to both flax and wool, but not enough to build up even a general picture of the weaving industry in the area. However this figure of 1.9% is higher than the Co. Cavan average of only 0.3% of the population who are weavers.
AT SCHOOL: In fact this was the second largest grouping, numbering 1,542 (12.3%). More details can be found in the section dealing with education.
About 850 people were involved in other skills and professions, representing 6.7% of the population. This includes a small group of 53 who referred to themselves as beggars, tinkers or mendicants. About half of that 850 reside in the towns of Arva and Killeshandra. The largest individual group among these skilled and professional people were dressmakers, numbering 81. There were 69 shoemakers, 54 tailors, 43 carpenters, 31 teachers and 27 blacksmiths. A brief glance at Table A shows that Killeshandra Parish had more skilled people per 1,000 of the population than the rest of Co. Cavan. This may result from the fact that there are two towns in the parish.
PER 1,000 OF THE POPULATION
| OCCUPATION | CO. CAVAN | KILLESHANDRA |
|---|---|---|
| SHOEMAKERS | 4.7 | 5.5 |
| TAILORS | 3.6 | 4.3 |
| CARPENTERS | 3.3 | 3.4 |
| BLACKSMITHS | 1.9 | 2.1 |
The remaining 626 of this group cover a wide variety of occupations including stone-masons, gardeners, builders, cartwrights, wheelwrights, hatmakers, bonnetmakers, butchers, thatchers, coopers, carmen, publicans, innkeepers, shopkeepers and dealers of all kinds.
CONSTABULARY: There is a total of 14 constables resident in the parish. I had no means of discovering where exactly in the parish they resided since there was a separate return sheet for the constabulary. However Sub-inspector Samuel Keek (Roscommon), William Nicholson (Sligo) and William Cranston (Fermanagh) lived in Arva. The Head-Constable was John Dogherty and he lived in Killeshandra as did sub-inspector James Bailey (Queen’s County). The remaining constables were Archibald McElheran (32) from Antrim; William Smith (26) from Roscommon; Michael Gilsenan from Dublin; David Kyle (23) from Tyrone; John Lighton (24) from Antrim; Roger Berrane (25) from Ballinasloe; William McClean (27) from Fermanagh; Thomas Neile (20) from Cavan and James Wallace (23) from Donegal. The constabulary, of course, were responsible for the distribution and collection of the census report forms.
CLERGY: The number of clergy in the parish is 9, and another two call themselves scripture readers. They are Edward Doonan (Drumkilroosk) and Johy Whyte from Tyrone who was residing with the Morton family in Corran. Of the 7 ministers I was able to establish definitely the denominations of 4 of them. They are Rev. John Carmichael (Drumkilroosk) and William Sweeny (Killeshandra town) who were Presbyterian ministers. Rev. John Foster (Killeshandra Town) was a Wesleyan minister and Rev. John Taylor (Tycosker) was a minister of the Established Church. It is highly probable that Rev. J. C. Martin (Killeshandra Town) was also a minister of the Established Church, but I could not discover any indications for Rev. James Rodney (Killeshandra Town) and Rev. Dawson Massy (Corraneary). There were two Catholic priests in the parish. Fr Thomas Reilly (63) was living in Drumroosk. The curate was Rev. Thomas McCann who was living with Patrick McCabe in Coragh Glebe.
There are a few interesting items worthy of mention here. A 30 year old man, Thomas Reilly from Drumshinny, is entered as being absent from home and as being at College in Carlow. This may possibly be the seminary. Another man, Peter Whelan from Kileshandra is reported to be at school in Cavan. This may possibly be St. Augustine’s. Then, there is a girl, Anne Boyd, daughter of Dr. Boyd, Arva, who is reported to be in a ‘seminary’ in Fermanagh.
DOCTORS AND SURGEONS: There are 10 doctors resident in the parish, 6 in Killeshandra, and 3 in Arva. In Killeshandra we have Patrick Donoghoe and J. A. Finlay who refer to them- selves as doctors. The other 4 are surgeons. They are Randal Kenny and his assistant Philip Fitzsimons, John Sheridan and Michael Donoghue. In Arva we have T. Boyd, J. O’Reilly and Dr Wiley, who comes from Monaghan. John Fitzpatrick, describing himself as a surgeon, lives in Killytowney. The ratio of doctors and surgeons to the population in the parish is much the same as the ratio for the whole county (0.7 per 1,000 people). Six nurses were resident in the parish, two in Gorteen, two in Ardra, one in Killeshandra town and one in Aughnacur.
Among the death reports for Killeshandra town I came across the name of James Berry, a doctor, who died at the age of 34 from ‘fever’. I also discovered that a 64 year old clergyman, Rev. Bernard Magauran had died from Perlattie or Perlattic.
EDUCATION
The census was the most elementary means of exploring this subject. It simply asks people to state whether they can (a) read and write (b) read only or (c) cannot read or write. Judging by some of the handwriting and spelling on some of the return sheets it seems that of those people who declared that they could read and write some may not in fact have been able to write much more than their own names. For example one person entered that he could `reid and rite.’ Table B shows:
| READ AND WRITE | READ | CANNOT READ OR WRITE | UNKNOWN | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NUMBER | 3,471 | 2,882 | 6,149 | 27 |
| PERCENT | 27.7% | 23.0% | 49% | 0.3% |
the results for the whole parish. About 49% of its population cannot read or write—in other words, they are totally illiterate. However, these figures are based on the total population, which includes children who are too young to read or write. If one excludes the children up to 5 years of age (about 1,500) then the ratio of illiterate people to the total population who should be able to read at least rises to 56%. The national percentage of illiterate people is 52%.
In the occupations section we noted that 1,542 children were reported to be attending’ school, representing 12.2% of the population. In some cases the name of the school teacher is given. There is a total of 31 teachers in the parish(10). There is no means of knowing how many of these were running official schools or how many were running ‘pay-schools.’ As would be expected, Killeshandra town has the largest concentration with 6 teachers, and Arva has 3. There are also 3 teachers in Drumcrow South. In Drumgoa a teacher by the name of Peter Nesdale is reported to be a lodger with the Dogan family. However, the following entry was made for house no. 5 in the reports for Lahard: ‘No person slept in this house on the above night, it being a school house. Without nightly occupants there is an attendance of about 28 scholars, 18 males and 10 females. The teacher is Peter Nesdale.’ With this exception there are no references to any other schoolhouses in the parish, so I could not ascertain how many there were.
In the whole parish there were 6,282 people who were 19 years of age or younger, and of these 1,542 were in school, representing 24.5%. However in the town of Arva and Killeshandra this proportion rises to 32.6%. Killeshandra town has the highest proportion of teenagers at school with 36.5%. Arva has 27.8%. The rural areas of the parish are much lower, at 23.2%. Table C should make these figures a little clearer. The difference between the rural and town areas may rest on the fact that youngsters in rural areas had to work on farms, many of them being labourers and servants.
| AGED 0-19 YRS | NUMBER AT SCHOOL | RATIO | |
|---|---|---|---|
| KILLESHANDRA | 493 | 180 | 36.5% |
| ARVA | 394 | 110 | 27.8% |
| RURAL AREAS | 5,395 | 1,252 | 23.2% |
| TOTAL | 6,282 | 1,542 | 24.5% |
Cloggy, with a rather small population of 56 had the highest ratio of literate(11) people, 82%. On the other hand Derrindrehid, with a population of 103, had the highest percentage of people who could neither read nor write, 71%. In this regard the two towns show no significant difference from the rest of the parish. The ratio of illiterate people in Arva is 48%, and 40% in Killeshandra.
MIGRATION
As I mentioned in the introduction, Table II on the census return sheets dealt with those who were absent on the night of 6 June. It would be very difficult to attempt to build any detailed picture of migration within Ireland from this information. The data given do not make it clear whether those who are absent, in fact, settled elsewhere in Ireland or are away from home on a temporary basis.
However, from Table I, we discover that a high proportion of residents in the parish are not natives of Co. Cavan. This is not too surprising when we consider that the parish borders both counties Leitrim and Longford. A total of 775 claimed that they were born outside of Co. Cavan. About 35% of this group were born in Leitrim and 14.5% were born in Longford. Another 11% came from Fermanagh. About 29 people were born in Great Britain, 19 in England and 10 in Scotland. One of the more unusual cases I came across was in the townland of Dunaweal. House no. 21 was inhabited by a Miss Anne Godley from Dublin and her two nieces. She had a visitor staying in the house whose name was Madelin Raymond. Madelin was from Switzerland. In general then, about 6% of the parish were not natives of Co. Cavan. In Co. Cavan as a whole only 2.8% of the population were not natives of the county. The two towns, Arva and Killeshandra had a higher proportion of non-Cavan people. About 10.5% of the population of Arva and 13% of the population of Killeshandra were not born in Co. Cavan.
From Table II we discover that about 1,229 people were reported to be absent from home. This figure consists of about 635 males and 583 females (The sex of one person could not be determined). About 49% of those who were absent were stated to be elsewhere in Co. Cavan. Another 6% were in Leitrim and Longford. Of those who had gone abroad 18 had gone to Scotland, 41 to England, but the largest group had gone to America, numbering a total of 306 (24% of those who were absent). In relation to Co. Cavan in general the rate of emigration to Great Britain and America is much lower(12). There are a few unusual and interesting entries. William Gunn from Dunaweal was reported to be in China; Thomas Lovett, a sailor from Kiltrasna, was reported to be in Malta; William McLean from Shancor was reported to be “on sea”; and George Ellis from Rockfield was reported to be in “Van Dimon’s Land.’ The report sheet also inquired into the occupations of the people who were absent. The accuracy of the replies to this inquiry is marred by the fact that no distinction was made between the person’s occupation before he or she went away and his/her present occupation. However, of those who were absent, 31% were termed as servants, 17% as labourers, 15% as having no occupation and 4% were stated to be unknown. About 24% could be said to have had some skill or profession(13). About 3% had joined the constabulary and another 2% had joined the army. Most of these army men were based in India and the East Indies. Among the more interesting cases were Rolbert Hewitt (Castlepoles) who was a preacher in Co. Clare, Henry Fitzpatrick (Killeshandra) and William Young Gartinardress who were attorneys in Dublin, and William Richardson, aged 40, from Lackan who was in college in New York.
SICKNESS AND DEATHS
In the ten years from 6 June, 1831 until 6 June, 1841 a total of 1,530, 795 males and 735 females, are reported to have died. This seems to be very similar to the death rate for the whole of Co. Cavan(14). The average age at death was 28.9 years for the parish as a whole. However in Killeshandra town it was much lower at 24 years. This would seem to indicate that social conditions and standards of hygiene in the town were much worse than in the rural areas. As one would expect a large proportion of those who died were very young children. The infant mortality rate was quite high. About 37% of those who died, were aged from 0 to 5 years. Table D shows the relationship
| AGE | 0-5 | 6-19 | 20-59 | 60+ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MALE | 38% | 12% | 26% | 24% |
| FEMALE | 36% | 12% | 30% | 22% |
| TOTAL | 37% | 12% | 28% | 23% |
between sex and age among those who died. One point worth noting is, that taken in proportion, the number of women who live longer than 60 years Is less than the number of men. Normally women have a higher life expectancy. These figures seem to indicate that the women of Killeshandra parish lived in conditions of hardship and difficulty.
The Census return sheet also inquired into the causes of death. However, it is not possible to build up a scientific picture of the situation since ‘popular medicine was very unscientific. Medical knowledge was bound to be very primitive among the people. It is ‘doubtful if they really knew what caused death in many instances. Again the situation is confused by the number of local folk names by which any one disease or illness could be called. ‘Decline’ and ‘decay’, for example, were two common names for consumption.
Consumption was by far the most common killer, accounting for 484 deaths (31.6%). In Co. Cavan as a whole consumption was accountable for only 11% of the deaths. Among the contageous or epidemic diseases fever accounted for 7% of deaths (108), smallpox for 5.2% (81), measles for 4.8% and hooping-cough for 3.2%. Table E shows how these figures
| SICKNESS | CO. CAVAN | KILLESHANDRA |
|---|---|---|
| CONSUMPTION | 11% | 31.6% |
| FEVER | 10.5% | 7% |
| SMALL POX | 6% | 5.2% |
| MEASLES | 2.7% | 4.8% |
| HOOPING COUGH | 4.2% | 3.2% |
compare with the rest of Co,. Cavan. It would seem to suggest that epidemic diseases were a little less rampant in Killeshandra parish. Measles and hives were among the biggest killers of young children(15). About 22 people died as a result of different kinds of accidents such as drowning, scalding and being hit by a cow or kicked by a horse. There were two cases of murder(16). One was a Mrs. Cumisky, a 53 year old widow from Behy and the other was 60 year old William Scott in Corlisprattan.
A fuller list of diseases and sicknesses is given in Appendix VI.
CONCLUSION
That concludes my survey of Killeshandra parish in June 1841. I regret that I did not have enough time to do a more scientific analysis of the returns but perhaps I have laid the foundation stone on which somebody else may be able to build.
Footnotes
1. A full list of the townlands is given in Appendix I.
2. A map is given in Appendix VII.
3. I could not make a complete count for the sexes because the reports for about 151 people were illegible.
4. I was unable to determine the ages of about 120 people.
5. Breifne, 1962, Vol. 2, no. 5, p. 122.
6. See Appendix IV.
7. Figures for Co. Cavan and Ireland are from official sources.
8. This is based on all marriages since 1800 for about 1/3 of the population.
9. This figure too is based on all marriages since 1800, even those without children, and of course takes account of all absent or dead children.
10. A full list of teachers is given in Appendix V.
11. “literate” is taken to mean those who can both read and write and those who can only read.
12. 77,426 left Co. Cavan for Great Britain and America.
13. This covers a very wide spectrum of occupations such as shoe makers, tailors, bakers, shopboys, hatters, weavers, spinners, carpenters, land surveyors and clerks.
14. I was unable to determine the death rate by standard means since I had not enough information. This would involve calculating the average population for the ten year period. However, I simply calculated the ratio of deaths to the population in 1841 which worked out at 122 deaths per 1,000 for Killeshandra and 124 deaths per 1,000 for Co. Cavan.
15. Many very young children were reported as dying from a “Visitation of God” or from “Evil”.
16. I am not fully sure of one of these cases, that of Mrs. Cumisky. The handwriting on the form was difficult to read but it seemed to give murder as the cause of death.
APPENDIX I
FAMILY NAMES IN THE TOWNLANDS
The spelling of the Return Form is retained. Doubtful readings and variant spellings are indicated in square brackets. The figure in the curved brackets gives the number of families of a particular name in the townland; where no figure is given only one family of the name is returned.
Aghaknock 23 (Numbers of Inhabited Houses) 135 (Total Population)
Doyle (3); Armstrong (2); Clandinen (2); Gibney (2); Moore (2); Conaghity; Coyle; Doonan; Finigan; Galligan; Henderson; McKeirnan; McCormick; Reilly; Sheridan; Tilson; Weer.
Aghardern [Aghavadrin] 18 94
Reilly (3); Cassidy; Conoley; Curran; Farnin; Govern; Hamilton; Harity[?]; Haughton; Leach; Lilly; Maxwell; Morton; Parker; Roseman; Tullay; Henderson.
Aughnacur 13 89
Reilly (2); Campbell; Connelly; Crawford; Ellis; Hill; Latimer; Maguire; McDonald; Noble; Scott; Smith.
Aughullaghy 5 19
Brady (2); McConel; McKenna; Prior.
Ardarragh 6 42
Flagherty (2); Brady; Donoghoe; Gillis; Mullen.
Ardra 18 112
Story (5); Macue (3); Clinging (2); Davis (2); Currian[?]; Gibson; Leghorn; Maglue; Reynolds; Thompson; Woods.
Bawn 15 71
Caffary (2); Campbell; Connelly; Dunken; Erwin; Gihnay; Green; Johnson; Maguhay; McCaden; McGovern; McGrath; Murfay; Rially.
Behy 26 149
Reilly (6); Kelaher (3); Kane (2); Lang (2); O’Neill (2); Brady; Caffry; Camp; Conlin; Conway; Coyle; Cumisky; Degnan; Foster; Jackson; Smyth; Sorahan; Victory.
Bohora 12 66
Biggar (3); Arkinson; Dougherty; Flood; Kincade; McConnell; McManus; Murray; Sheridan; Wiere.
Brankhill 33 189
Black (4); Elliott (3); Taylor (3); Forster (2); Irwin (2); Lattimer (2); Armstrong; Bell; Bennet; Blakely; Bruce; Clingen; Fyfe; Heavens[?]; Morrison; Robinson; Thompson; Todd; Wilson.
Bruse [?] 259
Masterson (9; McManus (4); Reilly (4); Coyle (3); Morris (3); Leddie (2); McClean (2); Sheridan (2); Smyth (2); Strong (2); Carte; Cassidy; Childers; Clinton; Duignan; Geharty; Higgins; Kane; Martin; McGaughran; McGovern; McLaughlin; IVIkKeinian; Skinner.
Cappagh 15 97
Maloy (2); McClenon (2); Sullevan (2); Bradley; Dugan; Fagon; Forster; Huitt; Kelley[?]; Magurity; Martin; Murfay.
Castlepoles 37 206
Masterson (7); Hewitt (6); Rielly (4); Lang (3); Brady (2); Elliott (2); Arington; Camp; Carthright; Connelly; Donohoe; Frinagh[?]; Frimmel[?]; Gaffeney; Johnston; Kenney; Moore; Rorke; Ward.
Clodrum 9 59
Blair (2); Crawford; McBrine; McCabe; McGrath; Rodgers; Shenan; Wallace.
Cloggy 9 56
Brady; Cahill; Johnston; McGauran; Mullen; Reilly; Sheridan; Smith; Taris[?].
Cloncose 11 59
McCormick (3); Coyle (2); Armstrong; Brady; Keogan; Masterson; Reilly.
Condry 8 55
Finlay (2); Allen; Brady; Currin; Devine; Elliott; Fair; Jackson; Nethercole; O’Niall; Robinson.
Coragh Glebe 22 141
Donahoe (3); Carbon (2); Gormly (2); McCabe (2); Burke; Dannon; Goodfellow; Harrison; Hewitt; King; Kiernan; Leahey; Masterson; McGrath; Mulligan; Quinn; Rielly; Tully; Weare.
Corhanagh 43 262
Montgomery (5); Akins (4); Anderson (4); Wilson (4); McManus (3); Hamilton (2); Rini& (2); Arnold; Beck; Blair; Crosson; Donohoe; Himans[7]; Irwin; MeNully; Medly; Monaghan; Moony; Morris; Mulvey; Noble; Scott; Tierney; White; Woods.
Corlis 2 11
Mc Givney (2).
Corlisprattan [Corlisbrattan] 38 223
Weir (4); Brown (3); Morrow (3); Johnston (2); Magee (2); Morrison (2); Naylor (2); Williams (2); Anderson; Carothers; Cowan; iCrumby; Doonan; Forel; Flack; Forster; Lang; Laurence; Moore; Mulreigny; Rogers; Rowe; Scott; Shannon; Shearin[7]; Zelis[7].
Cornafean 16 90
Johnston (5); Donahoe (2); McKeiman (2); Devine; Galligan; Keirnan; Kelly; Kenny; MeGaghran; Murray.
Corr 41 207
Donaho (4); Wrin (4); Leddy (3); Irwin (3); Callery (2); Kelly (2); Morris (2); Reilly (2); Baxter; Brady; Corbin; Egleston; Farrell; Farrelly; Fee; Ferguson; Gahagan; Goodfellow; Magoveran; Magloo; Masterson; McCahill; McCann; McKernan; McManus; Moore; Hartness [Harkness?].
Corradarren 38 201
McCormick (4); Courtney (2); Reilly (2); Anderson; Blair; Booth; Boyle; Cartwright; Corbel; Coyle; Cunningham; Currin; D’Arcy; English; Garvey; Gibson; Gilhooly; Gould; Green; Heaney; Henderson; Heslin; Mahon; Malone; Mayberry; McCubbin; Plant; Pogue; Prior; Reynolds; Scotch; Wilson.
Corradownan 25 145
Reilly (6); Sheridan (4); Primly (4); Kemp (3); Hart (2); Caffry; Corcoran; Follis; Gilhooly; Huges; Jordon; Kiernan.
Corran 42 234
Murdy (4); Doland (3); Morton (3); Doonan (2); Elliott (2); Plunket (2); Sheridan (2); Stewart (2); Woods (2);Armstrong; Calders; Cleary; Gundy[?]; Hare; Harper; Harvey; Henderson; Johnston; Lee; Lester[?] Linster[?]; Mandy[?]; Martin; McBride; McManus; McGloghlin; Mulligan; Mulvaney; Noble; Story; Widows.
Coronary [Corraneary] 23 160
Burns (3); Hill (2); Marron (2); Mulligan (2); Armstrong; Dunlop; Green; Johnston; Kelaher; Mackinson; Mahon; Manning; Massy; Masterson; Morton; Parker; Reilly; Shaw; Sullivan.
Coronae Glebe 56 304
Cox (5); Kilkenny (4); Haulton (3) Reilly (3); Clerkin (2); Crosson (2) Currin (2); Delimor (2); Drum (2) Farley (2); Griffith (2); Leddy (2) Maclean (2); Sheridan (2); Boylan; Brady; Brannon; Caffrey; Campbell; Colders; Degnan; Donohoe; Dunery; Flemming; Garvey; Hindry; Jackson; Keith; Magaughran; Mailor[?]; McKiernan; McManus; Moore; Murdy; Prior; Shenon; Soroghan.
Creenagh Glebe 28 168
Fitzpatrick (3); Reilly (3); Vinton (3); Coyle (2); Curry (2); Bennett; Brady; Cassidy; Clifforty; Farrelly; Foster; Lee; McConnell; McDonnell; 1VIcGrial; McGuire; Murphy; Rork; Rowley; Sheridan; Wilson.
Dernaweel 38 183
Johnston (3); Scott (3); Armstrong (2); Bennett (2); Fee (2); Foster (2); Hass (2); Irwin (2); Kemaghan (2); Story (2); Burrows; Carney; Creed; Drum; Dunlop; Elliot; Ellis; Grogan; Kiernan; Legingston; Malchet[?]; Masterson; Plunket; Smyth; Tibbs; Troy; Wood
Derreskit 22 122
Ennis (4); Boyd (3); Rainney (3); Bennett (2); Bothwell; Bourke; Elliot; Farry; Hopkins; Kernon; Mullin; Pogue; Rially; Rodgers; Wilson
Derrindrehid 15 103
Dolan (2); Drum (2); Kenaddy (2); Sheridan (2); Bannon; Corray; Donaghoe; Fitzpatrick; Keirnan; Mavatee[?]; Plunket; Sweeney.
Derry 8 46
Mulloy (3); Masterson (2); Barton; Bruise; Gallagher.
Derrygid 1 2
Guynor.
Derrylane 11 64
Brady; Campbell; Chadwick, Crawford; Davis; Donaldson; Forsyth; Gray; Irwin; McKernan; Richardson.
Derrynacross 29 125
Reilly (6); Brady (2); Clarke (2); Gafney (2); McClean (2); Smyth (2); Brown; Connelly; Cox; Devine; Donevan; Doyle; Holoughan; Kiernan; Linnand; Love; Maguire; MeCawl; McMahon; Prior; Waters.
Drumalt [including the village of Arva] 106 626
Reilly (11); Armstrong (3); Moore (3); Sheridan (3); O’Reilly (3); Brady (2); Cox (2); Cranston (2); Elliott (2); Fury (2); O’Brien (2); Smith (2); Woods (2); Atkins[?]; Baxter; Bigger; Blakely; Blasset; Boyd; Boyle; Brennan; Cannon; Coldwell; Corr; Cortney; Costello; Crawford; Cunningham; Davis; Degnan; Develin; Donohoe; Dunn; Ferguson; Finlay; Fitzpatrick; Flanagan; Flynn; Fyfe; Garvey; Goldrick; Gormley; Graham; Hannon; Hare; Heany; Hyland; Irvine; Keegan; Keek; Kerwin; Ladon; Lang; Law; Leavy; Leddy; Ledswith; Kemp; Malcomson; Maginnes; Maguire; Maloy; Martin; Masterson; McAvinea; McCabe; McDermott; McDonald; McKnight; McNally; McNulty; McPartlan; Morton; Morrison; Mooney; Murphy; Nicholson; Penlelton; Pinkman; Prior; Quinn; Robinson; Scott; Shields; Skinner; Skinnion; Smyth; Tobe; Tute; Vahy; Walpole; Wiley; Williams; Winslow; Wren; Wright; Roberts.
Drumamery [Drumamray] 16 95
Reilly (4); Brady (2); Coyle; Dolan; Donoehe; Duncan; Hewitt; Maguire; Patterson; Robinson; Smith; Weer.
Drumbery [Drumberry] 10 59
Johnston (3); Boyle (2); Bell; Davis; Gahagan; Humprys; Wier.
Drurnbess 58 320
Connolly (3); Smith (3); Armstrong (2); Bennett (2); Burns (2); Hanlon (2); Hart (2); Magovern (2); Martin (2); McCann (2); McConnell (2); McInerney (2); Reilly (2); Baxter; Brady; Brown; Calaher; Camp; Campbell; Clark; Cosgrove; Downer; Dulamere; Duffy; Finnigan; Fitzpatrick; Fleming; Gallagher; King; Kinnedy; Leonard; McAloon; McCabe; McGoldrick; McGuire; McInteger; Monahan; Mullan; Murdy; Murphy; Murray; Parker; Richardson;Roark; Warrington.
Drumbullion 25 152
Harkness (2); Hicks (2); Jackson (2); McCawley (2); McClain (2); Armstrong; Brady; Chadwick; Clark; Cockins; Connolly; Currin; McCormick; McDonnell; McVittie; Mulligan; Noble; Peterson; Pogue; Reynolds; Rudden; Wilson.
Drumcarney 28 179
Shaw (5); Drum (3); Lee (3); Brady (2); Martin (2); McPhilips (2); Reilly (2); Beattty; Carty; Degnan; Doolady; Doyle; Gallagher; Nickle; Reehill.
Drumcohill Upper [Drumcoghill Upper] 18 88
Sloan (5); Foster (2); Sheridan (2); Beatty; Cartwright; Dignan; Hughes; Johnston; Leddy; McGahran; Quinn; Ward.
Drumcohill Lower [Drumcoghill Lower] 14 74
Cartwright (2); McCann (2); Reilly (2); Bigger; Cumeskey; Henderson; Hill; Kenny; Maginnis; Maguire; McCabe; Rourke; Wright.
Drumcon 11 62
Donocho (2) [?]; Henderson (2); Hill; Martin; McKernan; Rielly; Scott; Shenon; Kearnan.
Drumconlester 15 85
Capady (2); Smyth (2); Brady; Cox; Crossan; Dogherty; Gafney; Gillerlaw[?]; McMahon; McGoveran; Peterson; Rock [Rork?]; Short; Swift.
Drumcrow Nth. 11 72
McIvoy (4); Argyle; Baws; Daily; Elliott; Hanson; McGuire; Reilly.
Drumcrow Sth. 32 189
Johnston (5); Baker (2); French (2); Morrow (2); Murdy (2); Reilly (2); Benson[?]; Blair; Blosset; Dunn; Elliott; Fay; Ganly; Kerr; Lahy; Mahon; McBride; McDale; O’Neil; Scott; Shearin; Smith; Stewart.
Drumcullion 15 105
Finnigan (5); Lee (2); Wallace (2); Connolly; Corbett; Downer; McCabe; Reilly; Sheridan; Smith.
Drumguird [Drumgerd] 7 43
McAvoy (2); Hales; McCue; Rielly; Smyth; Terney.
Drumgoa 13 60
McClean (2); Bennit; Conly; Connor; Gafney; Lanley; Lilly; Maglew; McEvoy; McGovern; McKiernan; Murphy.
Drumgoon 23 141
Brady (5); Leddy (4); McManus (4); Donoghoe (2); Bennett; Brouster; CuIlion; Degnan; Geary[?]; Malone; Mulligan; Sheridan; Widows.
Drumhart 26 168
Looby (3); Masterson (3); Jackson (2); Allen; Anderson; Brady; Campbell; Daly; Devlin; Hamletton; Higgins; Kenny; Kernan; Maguire; McDowell; McGoorty; McIceman; McManus; McSharry; Muligan; Todd.
Drumhillagh 13 96
Timmons (2); Brady; Conaghty; Dinneny; Keelagher; Lynch; McCaffry; McConel; McCue; McManus; Murphy; Quale.
Drumkeeran Beg 7 26
Armstrong (4)17; Campbell; Sloan. 17 One family of Armstrong is reported as absent, and their house as un- occupied, but are included in family totals for the townland.
Drumkeeran Black 24 142
Reilly (4); Braison (2); Camp (2); Errington (2); Johnston (2); Bradin; Campbell; Carroll; Connelly; Duffy; Leddy; Martin; McDonald; Moon; Phillips; Rudden; White.
Drumkeeran More 15 79
Flemings (5); Brady (3); Geoghagan; Grant; Hatton; Keogan; McDonald; Reilly; Sheridan.
Drumkilroosk [Drumkilroske] 33 174
Scott (5); Doonan (2); Frazer (2); Lister (2); Ludlow (2); Reilly (2); Ballam; Baker; Black; Braden; Camp; Carmichael; Caulfield; Cooke; Daily; Elliot; Farley; Graham; Martin; Montgomery; Scales; White; Wilson; Woods; Young.
Drumlarney [Drumlarny] 5 27
Campbell; Crothers; Devilen; Irwin; Robinson.
Drummany 6 44
Berry; Gohan[?]; Goodfellow; Green; Malone; Scott; Shenon.
Drumnawall [Drumnawal] 21 122
McKiernan (2); Bannon; Bolan; Causgrove; Donohoe; Downes; Drum; Elliott; Lynch; Maguin[?] McCarter; McDonald; McManus; Mills; Moony; Norton; Prior; Scott; Smith; Wright.
Drumrockady 23 146
Cahill (3); Flood (3); Sheridan (3); Bell (2); Ward (2); Brady; Cartwright; Dolan; Elliot; Farley; Keith; Kelliot; Lawsin; Rork; Sloan
Drumroe 29 162
White (4); Clandinen (3); Murday (2); Stuart (2); Trap (2); Wag (2); Brady; Burns; Curry; Gury; Hotton[?]; Johnston; Maguire; McCormick; McKiem; Morrow; Reilly; Scales; Thompson; Wiliamson.* * Wiliamson family recorded as absent.
Drumroosk 14 65
Reilly [Riley] (4); Kennedy (2); Brady; Darcy; Devine; Gormley; Graham; Kernan; Maxwell; Patterson; Roarke.
Drumshinny 16 108
Reilly (4); McGuire (3; Dogan (2); Brady; Hetherton; McGovern; O’Neil; Rehill; Smyth; Ward. Report sheet for house no. 2 is missing. Seventeen families are recorded as total for the townland.
Drumyouth 14 88
Garvey (2); Elliott; Faris; Foster; Graham; Hussey; McCormick; Monaghan; Murdy; Reilly; Sorohan; Sorrell; Ward.
Dunaweal [Dunaweel] 22 139
Dinneny (2); Dolan (2); Smith (2); Breen; Cassidy; Conlay; Ellis; Farlay; Glohan; Godley; Guinn; Judge; McCue; McDale; McDermott; McGuire; Roden; Rork; Simon.
Farrangarve 38 230
Brady (7); Reilly (4); Smyth (4); Hart (3); Harten (3); Doyle (2); Ireton (2); Keirnan (2); Mulligan (2); Culm; Deacon; Fox; Greene; Masterson; McCall; McGuire; McKeever; Sheridan; Strong.
Farranseer 32 187
Reilly (5); Monaughan (4); Degnan (3); Fitzpatrick (2); McDermott (2); Brown; Faris; Gahagan; Jones; Leddy; McCabe; McDowell; McKeon; O’Connor; Oneil; Saunderson; Shannachy; Sheridan; Smith; Sullivan; Taylor; Tilson; Watterson.
Gartinadress 20 127
Robinson (4); Ellis (2); Gaffney (2); Masterson (2); Young (2); Donoho; Huges; Kelaher; Magovern; Minnett; Quinn; Reilly; Shenan; Sheridan; White.
Gartylough 14 93
Elliott (4); Armstrong; Dugan; Drum; Hues; Johnston; Murphy; Reilly; Scott; Smyth; White.
Gorteen [Gorteenaterriff] 19 139
Farrelly (5); Bell (2); Finnigan (2); Jackson (2); Lynch (2); Boylan; Bredy Hill; Masterson; Reynolds; Warren.
Keelagh 8 37
Lynch (3); Brady (2); Henderson; Southwell; Webster.
Kilgaruf 10 60
Donohoe (3); Greene (3); Brady; Jackson; McCabe; Murtagh; Reilly.
Killytawny [Killitawney] 16 91
Fitzpatrick (2); Bartly; Cooney; Corn; Devlin; Galliigan; Guinty; Maghan; MeGaharn; McGovern; McKerron; McTague; Mulvey; Plunket; Reilly; Roach.
Kiltrasna 11 . 62
Quillan (3); Cullin; Crow; Degnan; Lovett; Rehill; Reilly; Ward; Weir.
Kinkeel 5 37
Martin (3); Degnan; McGovern; Riley.
Lackan 5 39
Masterson (3); Crosby; Heart; Smith.
Lahard 26 155
Brady (3); McCormick (3); Patterson (3); Rielly (3) [Reilly]; Hales (2); Campbell; Crotty; Flaherty; Hewitt; Higgans; Kenedy; Keman; Prior; Sheridan; Smyth; Ward; Woods; Young.
Laheen 15 89
Davis (2); Liddy (2); Burns; Faris; Gilese; Magee; McBoy; McGovern; McKiernan; McManus; Pollick; Rialy; Tiemy.
Lossett 16 103
Scott (3); Brady (2); Geogan (2); Sheridan (2); Farley; Galligan; Joy; Lawson; McCormick; McNama; Smith.
Loughnafin or Rockfield 24 154
Rodgers (4); Ellis (3); McCue (2); Alwill; Berry; Boyle; Clandenon; Devlin; Gray; Haughton; Jones; Knowles; Lee; Magee; McDonnell; McGreen; Nithercut; Patison; Ryan;; Wilson.
Mullaghboy 3 16
Dodson; Johnston; Weir.
Ned 40 212
Brady (4); Breen (4); Reilly (4); Shenon (4); Kiernan (3); Maguire (3); Cassidy (2); Donan (2); McCormick (2); Prior (2); Bannon; Beime; Finlay; Fitzpatrick; Gannon; Higgins; Lynch; Maginn; Martin; Masterson; Maxwell; McCabe; McIntire; Sheridan; Smith.
Portaliffe or ?? 20 94
Reilly (4) [Riley]; Maguire (2); Bennit;Curry; Donaghoe; Farley; Henry; Keanny; Kerr; Kiernan; McCartin; McConnell; McDonald; McGovern; Monypeny; Mulligan; Mullin; Sheridan; Stinson.
Town of Killeshandra [incl. Main St., Castle St., Church St., Yewer Lane] 197 1087
Reilly (10) [Rially; Riley]; Patterson (6); Sheridan (6); Smith (6); Burns (3); Carbin (3); Costola (3); Divine (3); Dogherty (3) [Doherty]; Draper (3); Faris (3); Farley (3); Finlay (3); Johnston (3); King (3); McCabe (3); McDonald (3); Reynolds (3); Armstrong (2); Brady (2); Carroll (2); Cassidy (2); Dolen (2); Fitzpatrick (2); Fox (2); Hamilton (2); Kenny (2); Kernan (2); Maxwell (2); McFaddin (2); McGovern (2); McKiernan (2); Murray (2); O’Connor (2); Phair (2); Rodgers (2); Sweeny (2); Thompson (2); Tully (2); Whelan (2); Warren (2); Allen; Akens; Bailey; Bannon; Beatty; Beirne; Bennet; Berry; Black; Brogan; Brouster; Byrne; Cain; Chara[?]; Clandinnang; Clarke; Cleminger; Clerkin; Conaty; Connoley; Coulson; Cowan; Coyle; Crawford; Creamer; Curry; Darcy; Darling; Dawsey; Deacon; Dinneny; Donoghoe; Dowling; Drum; Fegan; Flood; Foster; Gannon; Gibney; Gillis; Gilronan; Ginly; Ginty; Goodfellow; Gormly; Green; Hague; ” Hall; Harper; Hearkin; Hemsworth; Herburt; Hogg; Hunter; Ireton; Jackson; Jebb; Keane; Keelaher; Kennedy; Little; Looby; Lutch; Magaherin; Magauran; Magennis; Magin; Maguire; Malone; Martin; Masterson; McAvea; MeAvinea; McCann; McCartin; McClosky; McCormick; McCue; McGann; McGauran; McGaughran; McGinn; McGoldrick; McManus; MeRyan; Mills; Monaghan; Moor; Mortimer; Murphy; Murtagh; Newal; Night; Obryan; Ogle; Pennel; Plunldt; Pogue; Polliek; Prendergast; Prior; Rafferty; Rodney; Rudden; Sexton; Scott; Tallon; Teevan; Veitch[?]; Walsh; Welch; White; Whitendale; Wilson; Wright.
Portaliffe Glebe 2 22
Finlay; (second return sheet missing).
Portlongfield 43 279
Bleakley (7); Boyd (2); Devlin (2); McDowell (2); Magourty (2); Mare (2); Timmons (2); Armstrong; Bothwell; Cooke; Donoghoe; Ellis; Finley; Graham; Higgins; Hylan; Logan; Magohan; McCart; McDermott; McDiarmid; Monaghan; Montgomery; Moore; Morrow; Pollock; Quin; Reilly; Rosman; Smith; Watson.
Portnaquin 5 28
Magee (3); Leddy (2).
Pottle 8 62
Lee (2); McKernan (2); Battesly; Conaughty; Dillon; Drum.
Quivvy [Quivy] 8 33
Brady (3); Martin (2); McCormick (2); McDonald.
Sallaghan 17 95
Elliott (2); Smyth (2); Beatty; Cooke; Crague; Dunkin; Ellis; Gallagher; Graham; Hammon; Higgins; Hill; McCaffry; Morrow; Noble; Rodgers; Wallace; Woods.
Shancor 18 97
Reilly (3); Armstrong; Barret; Creamer; Crummy; Coby; Curren; Degnan; Galligan; Irwin; Keogan; Magauran; McCann; McLean; Moore; Nicells.
Shancroghan 3 22
Farrelly (2); Hanley.
Ticosker [Tycusker] 167
Anderson (2); Carroll (2); Johnston (2); Love (2); Wilson (2); Baker; Corr; Early; Guynor; Hall; Harrison; Ireton; Latimore; McManus; Montgomery; Scott; Stinson; Taylor; Thompson.
Tully 27 146
Brady (2); Banan (2); Hutchison (2); Reynolds (2); Anderson; Armstrong; Conley[?]; Connelly; Curley; Donoho; Duggan; Gurty; Hourican; Johnston; Kirnan; Magee; Maguire; Martin; Cahil; McGee; Prior; Purcan; Reilly.
Woodland 14 70
Brady (2); Hewitt (2); Reilly (2); Campbell; Cooke; Dunn; Lyndien; Masterson; McDermott; Montgomary; Mulligan; Woods.
Yewer Glebe 2 13
Roe; Vaughan.
APPENDIX II
A list of names of the more important tradesmen, skilled artisans and professional people in Arva [Drumalt and Drumnawall].
CONSTABLES: William Nicholson; William Cranston; Samuel Keek.
TEACHERS: Mrs. Lockhart & Son; Denis McNulty.
DOCTORS: T. Boyd; J. O’Reilly; Mr. Wiley.
LAND SURVEYORS: William Malcomson.
POSTMASTER: W. Craford.
SPIRIT DEALERS: James Garvey; Edward Hare.
SHOP AND INN: R. Walpole.
PUBLICANS: R. Lang; J. Pinkman; Mr. Reilly.
LODGING HOUSES: Margaret Quinn; Mary Corr.
BAKERS: E. Boylan; J. Maloy; Mr. Fitzpatrick; J. Ferguson; E. Boyle; Owen Drum.
BUTCHERS: E. Fury; J. Cox.
MERCHANTS: J. Kinnear; M. Robinson; Mr. O’Reilly.
OTHER SHOPS: J. Graham; M. McNully; W. McDonald; D. Bigger; J. Morton; W. Irvine; H. Brady; E. Costello; J. Donohoe; C. Moore; J. McDermott; N. Cannon.
RAGTRADE: P. Goldrick.
CARMAN: J. Reilly.
TAILORS: H. Cranston; M. Prior; 0. Degnan & Son; J. Laden.
NAILORS: John Davis; John Latamere; George Elliott.
SHOEMAKERS: J. Armstrong; P. Baxter & Son; Thomas Woods; A. Blosset; J. Arkins; J. Coldwell; Pat Boland and Son.
BLACKSMITHS: W. Hannon; F. Lynch; M. Smith & Bro.; B. Reilly & Son; C. McKiernan & Son.
CARPENTERS: M. Kerwin; P. Reilly; 0. McDonnell & Son; T. Wright; P. Reilly; B. Sheridan; P. O’Brien; T. Flanagan; W. Downes & Son.
COOPER: W. Moore.
THATCHER: J. Gormley.
MUSICIAN: Mr. Welsh (visitor).
SAWYERS: P. Keegan & Son.
WHITESMITH: J. Hyland.
SADDLER: D. Vahy.
PAINTER: J. Cox.
WHEELWRIGHT: T. Cunningham.
APPENDIX III
A list of names of the more important tradesmen, skilled artisans and professional people in Killeshandra town.
CONSTABLES: John Dogherty; James Bailey.
CLERGY: John Charles Martin; James Rodney; John Foster; William Sweeny.
TEACHERS: Elizabeth Cassidy; Robert Allen; Laurence Robinson; Jane and John O’Connor; James McCann.
DOCTORS: J. A. Finlay; Patrick Donoghoe.
SURGEONS: Randal Kenny and Philip Fitzsimons (assistant); John Sheridan; Michael Donoghoe.
NURSE: Mary Ann Bennit.
LAND SURVEYOR: Thomas McRyan.
LETTER COURIERS: Elizabeth and James Akens.
BAILIFF: Peter McGoughran.
INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS: William Newal.
EXCISE OFFICIAL: George Murray.
BUTCHERS: John Hunter and two sons; Richard Welch; James McFaddin; Dan McFaddin; Patt Carroll; Tomas Costola; Stephan Ganon (visitor); Peter Ganon (visitor); Patt Reilly (visitor); James Costelo; Edward Costeao.
WATCHMAKER: Patrick Masterson.
CARMEN: John McKiernan; Patrick Thornton (visitor from Meath).
INNKEEPERS: James Rodgers; Pat Gibney; James Gillis; Thomas McGinn; Laurence Kennedy.
PUBLICANS: James Dinneny; Patt McCabe; William Phair; Edward Thompson.
EATING HOUSE: Briget Deacon.
HOTEL KEEPER: Mary Ann Finlay.
BAKERS: James Beatty; Bernard Flood and Andrew Leckly (apprentice); Laurence Sheridan; Pat Ganon.
MERCHANT: Terence Kiernan.
WOOL DRESSERS: Thomas Walsh; Hugh Jebb.
MILLINERS: Fanny Armstrong; Elizabeth and Ann Patterson; Jane Patterson; Anne Scott.
SHOEMAKERS: Phil McHugh; William Crawford; William Patterson; William Kenny; James Draper; Charles Sheridan; James Fox; John Carbin (visitor); Arthur Fox; John Heary; James Tully; Edward Beirne; John Fitzpatrick; Alex Patterson and 2 apprentices; Michael Magin; James Hamilton; John Magin; James and Thomas Patterson.
SAWYERS: Denis Ginty; James Ginty; John Ginty; Michael Burns; James Burns; James Brady; Thomas Burns.
COOPERS: Pat Moor; James Murtagh; Thomas Brady; Pat Carbin; James, Patrick and Thomas Brady.
HATTER: Owen Divine and John Divine.
STONE PLASTERS: Charles Wright and Bernard McKiernan.
CARPENTERS: Francis McKiernan, William Thompson; Patt Reynolds; Thomas McGann; Pat McGoldrick; John Gormley; Edward Black; James Smith; John Tallon.
SLATER: James Reynolds.
STONE MASONS: Peter Cassidy; Richard Reilly; William Hogg; Con Maguire.
TAILORS: William Goodfellow; Matt Keogh; Michael McAvea; James Dolan; William Elliott; John Murphy (and six apprentices); Charles Clandinnang (and one apprentice).
TIN MAN: Pat McDonald.
PAINTER and GLAZIER: John Reilly; Pat McGann; Charles Doherty.
BLACKSMITHS: George, William and George (son) Patterson; Pat Devine; Thomas Gilronan; Patt, Thomas and John Green.
SENISKAL OF MANOR COURT: James Jebib.
TIMBER CLIFFER: Terry Burns.
LACE MAKER: Mrs. Carrol.
CART MAKERS: Pat Sexton; Thomas Brogan & Son.
CABINATE MAKER: Thomas Rodgers.
WHEELWRIGHTS: Thomas Bannon; Bernard Brady.
NAILORS: Peter Whelan and two sons; James, Mick and James Wheeler.
HABERDASHER: William Coulson.
SADDLERS: John Herburt; Arthur White.
WHITESMITH: Edward Wilson.
GARDENER: John Brouster.
HUCKSTERY: Ellen Prior.
SEXTONESS: Catherine Maxwell.
APPENDIX IV
Examples of tables and charts from the Census Return forms.
A Typical Example of Table I of the Census Return Sheet
(taken from Townland of Aughnacur)
NAME AGE SEX Relation Marriage C.) Occupation Education Native of ii
Male to Married Read and Write What
Christian Surname Years Months or Head of Not Married or Read County
Female Household or Widow(er) or Cannot Read or City
William Ellis 46 Male Head Widower 1821 Farmer Read and Write Cavan
George Ellis 19 Male Son Not Married Farmer Read and Write do
William Ellis 14 Male Son do School Read and Write do
Thomas Ellis 11 Male Son do School Read do
Arthur Ellis 7 Male Son do School Read do
Andrew Pollock 6 Male Boarder do do Cannot Read do
Rovey Armstrong 60 Female Widow House-keeper Cannot Read do
TOWNLAND OF AUGHNACUR
HOUSES FAMILIES PERSONS
Inhabited Unin- Buildings
habited Male Female
13 1 1 13 46 43
A typical example of the summary charts for each townland.
APPENDIX V
List of schoolteachers in Killeshandra Parish and their townlands or residence.
DRUMALT (Arva): Mrs. Lockhart and her son; Denis McNulty.
CORLISPRATTAN: Thomas Cowan; Anne Rogers.
DRUMCROW SOUTH: Patt Kerr; William Scott and his daughter Elra.
DRUMCULLION: Francis McCabe.
DRUMCOHILL LOWER: Edward Kenny and his wife Sarah.
DRUMCARNEY: Mr. Reilly.
CORRAN: James Hare.
CORRANEARY: Anne Manning.
DERRYLANE: Joseph Forsyth and wife Heston
DERRYNACROSS: Patt Kiernan.
DRUMGOA: Peter Nesdale.
DRUMSHINNY: John Rourke.
GORTEEN: Thomas Hill and Anne Johnston.
KILLYTAWNEY: Myles Bartly.
LOSSET: James Smith.
PORTLONGFIELD: Mr. and Mrs. John Watson.
KILLESHANDRA: Elizabeth Cassidy; Robert Allen; Laurence Robinson; John and Jane O’Connor; James McCabe.
TOTAL 31
APPENDIX VI
DISEASES AND SICKNESS
Decline, Decay, Consumption.
Smallpox.
Quinsey, Squinsey.
Measles.
Hives.
Influency.
Liver Complaint.
Asmy or Asthma.
Cancer.
Fever.
Hoopingcough and Chincough.
Inflamation.
Apoplexy.
Collick.
Water on the Brain.
Dropsey.